Glycolysis  refers to the breakdown of glucose and gluconeogenesis refers to the synthesis of new glucose. Both are absolutely essential metabolic processes.

At its most simple, gluconeogenesis is when excess protein, beyond what your body needs for cell growth and repair, converts into glucose.

Gluconeogenesis is the endogenous production of glucose in the body, especially in the liver, primarily from lactic acid, glycerol, and the amino acids alanine and glutamine. When glucose availability drops further, the endogenous production of glucose cannot keep up with the needs of the body and ketogenesis begins in order to provide an alternate source of energy as ketone bodies. Ketone bodies replace glucose as a primary source of energy.

For details, please see our article, Gluconeogenesis and Glycolysis.

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